Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming science and, in turn, being advanced by scientific challenges. A 2023 NSF-sponsored workshop at NSF Headquarters launched a national dialogue on this synergy. A second NSF-sponsored workshop, held in August 2024 at the University of Minnesota, revisited those insights in light of the GenAI revolution. This report captures key discussions and recommendations to guide the development of GenAI aligned with scientific discovery.